c语言（学生管理系统）--计算机信息站

c语言（学生管理系统）

>>2017-9-3 22:08:00

＃i nclude<stdio.h>
＃i nclude<stdlib.h>
＃i nclude<string.h>
#define NAME_LEN 25

struct stu
{
   int number;
   char name[NAME_LEN+1];
   char sex[5];
   char dept[20];
   int age;
   struct stu *next;

};

struct stu *find_students1(int number,struct stu *first);
struct stu *find_students2(struct stu *first);
struct stu *insert(struct stu *first);//1
struct stu * search(struct stu *first);//2
void print(struct stu *first);//3
int search_girl(struct stu *first);//4
void search_first_name(struct stu *first);//5
int search_16_year(struct stu *first);//6
struct stu * search_max_boy(struct stu *first);//7
struct stu * fix(struct stu *first);//8
void delete_students(struct stu *first,struct stu *p);//9
void save(char *name, struct stu *first,FILE *fp);//10
struct stu * readout(char *name,stu *first,FILE *fp);
int read_line(char str[],int n);
void quit(stu *first,char *name,FILE *fp);
void print_single(struct stu *p);
int search_boy(struct stu *first);
int * age_statistics(struct stu *first);
struct stu **boy_girl(struct stu *first);

int main()
{
   FILE *fp;

   struct stu *first=NULL;
   struct stu *p2,*p7,*p9;
   int *p11;
    int n;


   char filename[100];
   int type;
start: for(;;)
       {
           printf("输入 1 读入文件\n输入 2 创建新文件\n");
           scanf("%d",&type);
           if(type==1||type==2)
           {
               break;
           }
           else
           {
               printf("输入错误，请重新输入");
           }
       }
       if(type == 1)
       {
           for(;;)
           {
               printf("输入要读取的文件地址\n");
               fflush(stdin);
               gets(filename);
               if((fp = fopen(filename,"rb+"))==NULL)
               {
                   printf("无法打开文件\n");
                   goto start;

               }
               else
               {
                   first = readout(filename,first,fp);
                   break;

               }
           }
       }

       if(type == 2)
       {
           for(;;)
           {
               printf("输入要创建的文件地址\n");
               fflush(stdin);
               gets(filename);
               if((fp = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL)
               {
                   printf("无法创建文件");
                   goto start;

               }
               else
               {
                   struct stu *news;
                   news=(struct stu*)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
                   news->number=805;
                   strcpy(news->name,"刘德华");
                   strcpy(news->sex,"男");
                   strcpy(news->dept,"null");
                   news->age=52;
                   news->next=NULL;
                   first=news;

                   news=(struct stu*)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
                   news->number=804;
                   strcpy(news->name,"金秀贤");
                   strcpy(news->sex,"女");
                   strcpy(news->dept,"MA");
                   news->age=24;
                   news->next=first;
                   first = news;

                   news=(struct stu*)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
                   news->number=803;
                   strcpy(news->name,"那英");
                   strcpy(news->sex,"女");
                   strcpy(news->dept,"CS");
                   news->age=41;
                   news->next=first;
                   first=news;

                   news=(struct stu*)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
                   news->number=802;
                   strcpy(news->name,"李敏槁");
                   strcpy(news->sex,"男");
                   strcpy(news->dept,"MA");
                   news->age=25;
                   news->next=first;
                   first=news;

                   news=(struct stu*)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
                   news->number=801;
                   strcpy(news->name,"金贤重");
                   strcpy(news->sex,"男");
                   strcpy(news->dept,"CS");
                   news->age=23;
                   news->next=first;
                   first=news;


                   break;



               }
           }
       }




       int code;
       for(;;)
       {
           printf("1.增加学生名单\t         2.搜索学生名单\n"
               "3.打印学生信息表\t 4.查询男女学生人数\n"
               "5.同姓人数\t         6.年龄小于16岁的学生\n"
               "7.查询年龄最大的男生\t 8.修改学生信息\n"
               "9.删除学生\t\t 0.退出程序\n10.保存\t\t\t11.各年龄统计\n"
               "12.和最大女生年龄相同的男生\n");

           scanf("%d",&code);
           switch(code)
           {
           case 0:
               quit(first,filename,fp);
               return 0;
               break;
           case 1:
               first=insert(first);
               break;
           case 2:

               p2 = search(first);
               if(p2 == NULL)
               {
                   printf("查无该生\n");
               }
               else
               {
                   print_single(p2);
               }
               break;
           case 3:
               print(first);
               break;
           case 4:
               printf("%d个女生\n",search_girl(first));
               printf("%d个男生\n",search_boy(first));
               break;
           case 5:
               search_first_name(first);
               break;
           case 6:
               n = search_16_year(first);
               printf("有%d个小于16岁的学生\n");
               break;
           case 7:
               p7=search_max_boy(first);
               if(p7==NULL)
               {
                   printf("没有男生");
               }
               else
               {
                  printf("找到该男生\n");
                  print_single(p7);
               }
               break;
           case 8:
               first = fix(first);
               break;
           case 9:
               int item;
               for(;;)
               {
                   printf("输入 1 按学号查询\n输入 2 按姓名查询");
                   scanf("%d",&item);
                   if(item == 1 || item == 2)
                   {
                       break;
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       printf("输入错误，请重新输入\n");
                   }
               }
               if(item == 1)
               {
                   int number;
                   printf("请输入学生的学号：");
                   scanf("%d",&number);
                   p9 = find_students1(number,first);

               }

               if(item == 2)
               {
                   printf("请输入学生的姓名：");
                   p9 = find_students2(first);
               }

               if(p9 == NULL)
               {
                   printf("查无该生\n");
               }
               else
               {
                  delete_students(first,p9);
               }
               break;
           case 10:
               save(filename,first,fp);
               break;
           case 11:
               int i;
               p11 = age_statistics(first);
               for( i=0; i<120; i++)
               {
                   if(*p11 == 0)
                   {
                       p11++;
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       printf("%d岁：%d个人\n",i, *p11);
                       p11++;
                   }
               }
               break;
           case 12:
               struct stu **p12;
               p12 = boy_girl(first);
               if((*p12) == NULL)
               {
                   printf("未找到\n");
               }
               while(*p12 != NULL)
               {
                   printf("学号:%d\t姓名:%s\n",(*p12)->number,(*p12)->name);
                   p12 = p12++;
               }
               break;

           default:
               printf("输入错误，请重新输入\n");
           }
           printf("\n");
       }

       return 0;
}

/*********
*find_students2*
**********/

struct stu *find_students2(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   char search_name[NAME_LEN+1];
   read_line(search_name,NAME_LEN);
   for(p=first;p!=NULL&&strcmp(p->name,search_name)!=0;p=p->next)
       ;
   if(p!=NULL&&strcmp(p->name,search_name)==0)
   {
       return p;
   }
   return NULL;
}

/*********
*find_students1*
**********/
struct stu *find_students1(int number,struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   for(p=first;p!=NULL&&p->number!=number;p=p->next)
       ;
   if(p!=NULL&&p->number==number)
   {
       return p;
   }
   return NULL;
}

/*********
* insert *
**********/

struct stu *insert(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *cur,*prev,*new_node;
   new_node=(struct stu *)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
   printf("请输入学生的学号:");
   scanf("%d",&new_node->number);

   for(prev=NULL,cur=first;
   cur!=NULL&&new_node->number>cur->number;prev=cur,cur=cur->next)
       ;

   if(cur!=NULL&&cur->number==new_node->number)
   {
       printf("该学生编号已存在\n");
       free(new_node);
       return first;
   }
   int sex;
    printf("请输入学生姓名:");
   read_line(new_node->name,NAME_LEN);
   printf("请输入学生性别（1为男，2为女）");
   do
   {
       scanf("%d",&sex);
       if(sex!=1&&sex!=2)
       {
           printf("输入错误，请重新输入");
       }
   }
   while(sex!=1&&sex!=2);
   if(sex==1)
   {
       strcpy(new_node->sex,"男");
   }
   if(sex==2)
   {
       strcpy(new_node->sex,"女");
   }

   printf("输入学生系别:");
   scanf(" %s",new_node->dept);

   printf("输入学生年龄:");
   scanf("%d",&new_node->age);

   new_node->next=cur;

   if(prev==NULL)
   {
       first=new_node;
   }
   else
   {
       prev->next=new_node;
   }
   return first;
}

/*********
* search *
**********/

struct stu * search(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   int measure,number;
   printf("输入1进行学号搜索（推荐）\n输入2进行姓名搜索\n");
   do
   {
       scanf("%d",&measure);
       if(measure!=1&&measure!=2)
       {
           printf("输入错误，请重新输入");
       }
   }
   while(measure!=1&&measure!=2);

   if(measure==1)
   {
       printf("输入搜索学生的学号:");
       scanf("%d",&number);
       p=find_students1(number,first);
       return p;

   }

   if(measure==2)
   {
       printf("输入搜索学生的姓名");
       p=find_students2(first);
       return p;

   }

}

/*********
* print *
**********/
void print(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   printf("学号\t姓名\t性别\t系别\t年龄\n");


   for(p=first;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%d\n",p->number,p->name,p->sex,p->dept,p->age);
   }


}

/*********
* search_girl *
**********/

int search_girl(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   int n=0;
   for(p=first;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       if(strcmp(p->sex,"女")==0)
       {
           n++;
       }
   }
   return n;
}

/*********
* search_16_year*
**********/

int search_16_year(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   int n=0;
   for(p=first;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       if(p->age<16)
       {
           n++;
       }
   }
   return n;

}

/*********
* search_max_boy*
**********/

struct stu * search_max_boy(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   int max=0;
   for(p=first;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       if(strcmp(p->sex,"男")==0&&max<p->age)
       {
           max=p->age;
       }
   }
   if(max==0)
   {
       return NULL;
   }
   else
   {
       for(p=first;p->age!=max;p=p->next);
       return p;
   }


}

/*********
* delete_students*
**********/

void delete_students(struct stu *first,struct stu *p)
{
   if(p->next != NULL)
   {
       struct stu *next_node;
       next_node = p->next;
        *p = *(p->next);
       free(next_node);

   }
   else
   {
       struct stu *prev;
       for(prev = first;prev->next != p;prev = prev->next);
       prev->next = NULL;
       free(p);

   }

}

/*********
*search_first_name*
**********/

void search_first_name(struct stu *first)
{
   char fn[5];
   struct stu *p;
   int n=0;
   printf("输入查找的姓氏:");
   read_line(fn,5);
   for(p=first;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       if(p->name[0]==fn[0]&&p->name[1]==fn[1])
       {
           n++;
       }
   }

   printf("共%d个相同性别的人\n\n",n);
   for(p=first;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       if(p->name[0]==fn[0]&&p->name[1]==fn[1])
       {
           print_single(p);
       }
   }

}

/*********
*   fix   *
**********/

struct stu * fix(struct stu *first)
{
   int number,item;
   struct stu *p;
   printf("请输入想修改的学生的学号");
   scanf("%d",&number);
   p=find_students1(number,first);
   if(p==NULL)
   {
       printf("无该学生信息\n");
   }
   else
   {
       print_single(p);
       for(;;)
       {

           printf("请输入想修改项的序号(输入0退出修改):");
           scanf("%d",&item);
           if(item==0)
           {
               break;
           }
           switch(item)
           {
           case 1:
               struct stu *prev,*cur,*prev2,*cur2;
               for(prev=NULL,cur=first;
               cur!=p;prev=cur,cur=cur->next)/*找到该学生和之前的学生*/
                   ;
               int new_number;
               printf("输入修改后的学号:");
               scanf("%d",&new_number);/*存储新学号*/
               for(prev2=NULL,cur2=first;
               cur2!=NULL&&new_number>cur2->number;prev2=cur2,cur2=cur2->next)/*找到新学号应在链表中的位置*/
                   ;
               if(cur2!=NULL&&new_number==cur2->number)/*判断学号是否存在*/
               {
                   printf("该学号以存在\n");
               }
               else if(prev==NULL&&new_number>p->next->number)/*学生在首结点，且新学号大于后一学生*/
               {
                   first=p->next;

                   if(cur2==NULL)/*该学生序号最大*/
                   {
                       prev2->next=p;
                       p->next=NULL;
                       p->number=new_number;
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       prev2->next=p;
                       p->next=cur2;
                       p->number=new_number;
                   }
               }
               else if(prev==NULL&&new_number<p->next->number)/*学生在首结点，且新学号小于后一学生*/
               {
                   p->number=new_number;
               }

               else if(cur->next==NULL&&prev->number>new_number)/*学生在末结点，且新学号小于前一学生*/
               {
                   if(prev2==NULL)
                   {
                       prev->next=NULL;
                       p->next=cur2;
                       first=p;
                       p->number=new_number;
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       prev->next=NULL;
                       prev2->next=p;
                       p->next=cur2;
                       p->number=new_number;
                   }
               }
               else if(cur->next==NULL&&prev->number<new_number)/*学生在末结点，且新学号大于前一学生*/
               {
                   p->number=new_number;
               }/*学生在末结点，且新学号小于前一学生*/
               else if(cur->next!=NULL&&prev!=NULL&&(prev->number>new_number||cur->next->number<new_number))
               {
                   prev->next=cur->next;
                   if(cur2==NULL)/*该学生序号最大*/
                   {
                       prev2->next=p;
                       p->next=NULL;
                       p->number=new_number;
                   }
                   if(prev2==NULL)
                   {
                       p->next=cur2;
                       first=p;
                       p->number=new_number;
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       prev2->next=p;
                       p->next=cur2;
                       p->number=new_number;
                   }



               }
               else if(cur->next!=NULL&&prev!=NULL&&prev->number>new_number&&cur->next->number<new_number)
               {
                   p->number=new_number;
               }

               break;



               case 2:
                   printf("输入修改后的姓名:");
                   read_line(p->name,NAME_LEN);
                   print_single(p);
                   break;
               case 3:
                   int sex;
                   printf("输入性别：(1为男性 2为女性)");
                   do
                   {
                       scanf("%d",&sex);
                       if(sex!=1&&sex!=2)
                       {
                           printf("输入错误请重新输入");
                       }
                   }
                   while(sex!=1&&sex!=2);

                   if(sex==1)
                   {
                       strcpy(p->sex,"男");
                   }
                   if(sex==2)
                   {
                       strcpy(p->sex,"女");
                   }
                   print_single(p);
                   break;
               case 4:
                   printf("请输入修改后系别:");
                   read_line(p->dept,20);
                   print_single(p);
                   break;
               case 5:
                   printf("请输入修改后的年龄:");
                   scanf("%d",&p->age);
                    print_single(p);
                   break;
               default :
                   printf("输入错误，请重新输入");



           }


       }

   }
   return first;


}

/***********
**** save***
************/
void save(char *name, struct stu *first,FILE *fp)
{
   struct stu *p;
   p=first;
   if((fp = fopen( name, "wb"))==NULL)
   {
       printf("error\n");
       exit(0);
   }
   for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       if(fwrite(p, sizeof(struct stu), 1, fp) != 1)
       {
           printf("error");
       }
   }
   printf("保存成功\n");
}

/***********
**** readout***
************/

struct stu * readout(char *name,struct stu *first,FILE *fp)
{
/*FILE *fp;
if((fp = fopen(name, "r"))==NULL)
{
printf("error");
exit( 0 );
}*/

   struct stu *new_node;
   first = (struct stu *)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
   fread(first, sizeof(struct stu), 1, fp);
   /*if(feof(fp))
   {
   first->next=NULL;
   return first;
   }
   else
   {*/
   first->next = (struct stu *)malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
   new_node = first->next;
   for(;;)
   {
       int ch;

       fread(new_node,sizeof(struct stu), 1, fp);
       //fseek(fp,2L,SEEK_CUR);
       if((ch=fgetc(fp))==EOF)
       {
           new_node->next=NULL;
           break;
       }
       else
       {
           fseek(fp,-1L,SEEK_CUR);
           //fseek(fp,-2L,SEEK_CUR);
           new_node->next = (struct stu *) malloc(sizeof(struct stu));
           new_node = new_node->next;
       }
   }





   fclose(fp);
   return first;
}

/************
***read_line**
**************/

＃i nclude<ctype.h>
＃i nclude<stdio.h>

int read_line(char str[],int n)
{
   int ch,i=0;
   while(isspace(ch=getchar()))
       ;
   while(ch!='\n'&&ch!=EOF)
   {
       if(i<n)
       {
           str[i++]=ch;
           ch=getchar();
       }
   }
   str[i]='\0';
   return i;

}

/*************
***quit******
*************/

void quit(stu *first,char *name,FILE *fp)
{
   char c;
   for(;;)
   {
       printf("是否保存数据？\n");
       printf("保存请输入Y\t不保存请输入N\n");
       fflush(stdin);
       scanf("%c",&c);
       if(c=='Y'||c=='N'||c=='y'||c=='n')
       {
           break;
       }
       else
       {
           printf("输入错误，请重新输入");
       }
   }
   if(c=='y'||c=='Y')
   {
       save(name,first,fp);
       return ;
   }
   else
   {
       return ;

   }

}

/**************
***print_single**
****************/
void print_single(struct stu *p)
{
   printf("1.学号：%d\n",p->number);
   printf("2.姓名：%s\n",p->name);
   printf("3.性别：%s\n",p->sex);
   printf("4.系别：%s\n",p->dept);
   printf("5.年龄：%d\n\n",p->age);
};

/**************
*search_boy***
**************/
int search_boy (struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   int n=0;
   for(p=first;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
   {
       if(strcmp(p->sex,"男")==0)
       {
           n++;
       }
   }
   return n;
}

/************************
*****age_statistics*******
**************************/

int * age_statistics(struct stu *first)
{
   int *age;
   age = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*120);
   for(int i=0; i<120; i++)
   {
       age[i] = 0;
   }
   struct stu *p;
   for(p = first; p!=NULL; p = p->next)
   {
       age[p->age]++;
   }
   return age;
}

/**********
**boy_girl**
************/
struct stu **boy_girl(struct stu *first)
{
   struct stu *p;
   struct stu **boy;
   struct stu *gilr;
   int max = 0 ;
   int i;
   boy = (struct stu **)malloc(sizeof(struct stu*)*120);
   for(i = 0; i<120; i++)
   {
       boy[i] = NULL ;
   }
   for(p = first; p != NULL; p = p->next)
   {
       if((strcmp(p->sex,"女") == 0)&&p->age > max)
       {
           max = p->age;
       }
   }
   if(max == 0)
   {
       return NULL;
   }

   else
   {
       for(p = first,i=0; p != NULL; p = p->next)
       {
           if((strcmp(p->sex,"男") == 0)&&p->age == max)
           {
               boy[i] = p;
               i++;

           }

       }
   }
   return boy;
}

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